If a solution has a positive delta S, what does this indicate about the process of dissolution?

If a solution has a positive delta S, what does this indicate about the process of dissolution?

• A. It is spontaneous
• B. It is non-spontaneous
• C. It is slow
• D. It is impossible

Answer: (A)

A positive delta S, or change in entropy, indicates an increase in the degree of disorder or randomness in a system. In the context of dissolution, when a solid solute dissolves in a solvent, the solute's particles become dispersed throughout the solvent. This increase in the number of available microstates and the overall disorder of the system leads to a positive change in entropy. When evaluating spontaneity in thermodynamic processes, the Gibbs Free Energy equation, ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, can be applied. If the change in entropy (ΔS) is positive, it implies that for a process to be spontaneous (ΔG < 0), the entropy term plays a favorable role. As temperature (T) increases, the effect of the positive ΔS will have an even more pronounced impact on the spontaneity of the dissolution process. Therefore, the presence of a positive delta S strongly suggests that the dissolution process contributes to an increase in disorder, which often correlates with the process being spontaneous under appropriate conditions. This connection between positive entropy change and spontaneity is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics and applies to many dissolution reactions.

A positive delta S, or change in entropy, indicates an increase in the degree of disorder or randomness in a system. In the context of dissolution, when a solid solute dissolves in a solvent, the solute's particles become dispersed throughout the solvent. This increase in the number of available microstates and the overall disorder of the system leads to a positive change in entropy.

When evaluating spontaneity in thermodynamic processes, the Gibbs Free Energy equation, ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, can be applied. If the change in entropy (ΔS) is positive, it implies that for a process to be spontaneous (ΔG < 0), the entropy term plays a favorable role. As temperature (T) increases, the effect of the positive ΔS will have an even more pronounced impact on the spontaneity of the dissolution process.

Therefore, the presence of a positive delta S strongly suggests that the dissolution process contributes to an increase in disorder, which often correlates with the process being spontaneous under appropriate conditions. This connection between positive entropy change and spontaneity is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics and applies to many dissolution reactions.